The article deals with the semantic, structural features, history of origin, common features and differences between phraseologisms related to speech in Kyrgyz, Kazakh, Uzbek languages from among the related Turkic languages. The article is relevant for its role in expanding semantic groups of phraseological units in Turkic languages, in defining common and individual phraseological units. The purpose of the research in the article is to study the nature of some phraseological units in the Turkic languages using the example of phraseological units related to speech and words. The study was carried out on the basis of comparative method. The object of research is phraseological units of the Kyrgyz, Kazakh, and Uzbek languages. As a result of the study, the ratios of phraseological units in related languages are compared by their semantic proximity, the definition of the main word in the system, and are divided into the following groups: - common phraseological units in these languages: in Kyrgyz “оозуна кум куюу” in Kazak “аузына кум кую”, in Uzbek “огизина кум куйиш”; in Kyrgyz “оозунан сөзү түшүү”, their origin is connected with the word “mouth". - other-phraseological units used in a different linguistic structure, but with the same meaning: in Uzbek “тил бириктирмок”, in Kazak “ымы-жымы бир, келеге келу”, in Kyrgyz “жең ичинен сүйлөшүү”. These phraseological units mean ‘to get along’. - phraseological phrases related to personal language: in Kazakh “тил мен жагына сүйену (жообу даяр, керек сөздү таба билүү); (ready to answer, be able to find the right word)”; in Uzbek “юрагига кулок салиш (сөздү астайдил угуу)” (to hear the word attentively” The results of the study can serve as a material for studying the history of Turkic languages, including Kyrgyz, through phraseological units in related languages.
Phraseologism, colloquial, common and individual phraseological unit.