In this study, the relationship between energy exports and economic growth was examined with a different approach. Criticisms of the two-factor production theory put forward by the neoclassical production model and theories that were tried to be developed as an alternative to the said theory were examined. Its relationship with other production factors, which can be seen as a condition for including energy as a factor in the production function, was also examined. Thus, an attempt was made to explain whether energy can actually be replaced by labor and capital and whether production is possible without using energy. The relationship between technology, which is one of the important factors of production, was also examined. Thus, how technological development affects the place of energy in production was analyzed. Finally, the theoretical part discusses the factors affecting the relationship between energy and growth. There are quite a few studies that consider the relationship between energy exports and growth from a theoretical perspective. However, the number of applied studies that examine this relationship is quite high and the growth rate in the number of these studies is increasing day by day. However, it is generally not possible to obtain theoretical information in applied studies. There are various classifications of energy resources. However, efforts have been made to avoid double-counting the same value, especially by using primary energy sources. Electricity, which is one of the secondary energy sources obtained as a result of processing primary energy sources, was therefore not included in the sources examined in the study. In our study, a classification of energy resources was first made. Renewable and non-renewable energy sources, which are energy sources that exist in nature without any processing, were examined as primary energy sources. This study, conducted on the basis of annual data between 2020 and 2024, aimed to determine whether there is any relationship between energy exports and growth for the Azerbaijani economy. The dataset and methods used for the Azerbaijani economy in this study differ from other studies in the literature. An important element of this study is the economic investigation of the relationship between energy exports and gross domestic product at both micro and macro levels. Energy consumption is considered as both total and per capita primary energy consumption. It is also broken down into oil and electricity consumption components.
Keywords: Energy resources, export, economic growth, SOCAR